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dipampaul17
I discovered that in LLM inference, keys and values in the KV cache have very different quantization sensitivities. Keys need higher precision than values to maintain quality.
I patched llama.cpp to enable different bit-widths for keys vs. values on Apple Silicon. The results are surprising:
- K8V4 (8-bit keys, 4-bit values): 59% memory reduction with only 0.86% perplexity loss - K4V8 (4-bit keys, 8-bit values): 59% memory reduction but 6.06% perplexity loss - The configurations use the same number of bits, but K8V4 is 7× better for quality
This means you can run LLMs with 2-3× longer context on the same Mac. Memory usage scales with sequence length, so savings compound as context grows.
Implementation was straightforward: 1. Added --kvq-key and --kvq-val flags to llama.cpp 2. Applied existing quantization logic separately to K and V tensors 3. Validated with perplexity metrics across context lengths 4. Used Metal for acceleration (with -mlong-calls flag to avoid vectorization issues)
Benchmarked on an M4 MacBook Pro running TinyLlama with 8K context windows. Compatible with Metal/MPS and optimized for Apple Silicon.
GitHub: GitHub - dipampaul17/KVSplit: Run larger LLMs with longer contexts on Apple Silicon by using differentiated precision for KV cache quantization. KVSplit enables 8-bit keys & 4-bit values, reducing memory by 59% with <1% quality loss. Includes benchmarking, visualization, and one-command setup. Optimized for M1/M2/M3 Macs with Metal support.
Comments URL: Show HN: KVSplit – Run 2-3x longer contexts on Apple Silicon | Hacker News
Points: 215
# Comments: 32
Continue reading...
I patched llama.cpp to enable different bit-widths for keys vs. values on Apple Silicon. The results are surprising:
- K8V4 (8-bit keys, 4-bit values): 59% memory reduction with only 0.86% perplexity loss - K4V8 (4-bit keys, 8-bit values): 59% memory reduction but 6.06% perplexity loss - The configurations use the same number of bits, but K8V4 is 7× better for quality
This means you can run LLMs with 2-3× longer context on the same Mac. Memory usage scales with sequence length, so savings compound as context grows.
Implementation was straightforward: 1. Added --kvq-key and --kvq-val flags to llama.cpp 2. Applied existing quantization logic separately to K and V tensors 3. Validated with perplexity metrics across context lengths 4. Used Metal for acceleration (with -mlong-calls flag to avoid vectorization issues)
Benchmarked on an M4 MacBook Pro running TinyLlama with 8K context windows. Compatible with Metal/MPS and optimized for Apple Silicon.
GitHub: GitHub - dipampaul17/KVSplit: Run larger LLMs with longer contexts on Apple Silicon by using differentiated precision for KV cache quantization. KVSplit enables 8-bit keys & 4-bit values, reducing memory by 59% with <1% quality loss. Includes benchmarking, visualization, and one-command setup. Optimized for M1/M2/M3 Macs with Metal support.
Comments URL: Show HN: KVSplit – Run 2-3x longer contexts on Apple Silicon | Hacker News
Points: 215
# Comments: 32
Continue reading...